White spirit solvent - main features and scope of application

Composition and chemical properties

What is a solvent? White spirit is a kind of “petroleum solvent” (short abbreviation: oil solvent) or a liquid obtained as a result of oil refining. Occasionally, additional hydrotreating can be used - the process of chemical transformation of organic matter in the oil fraction under the influence of hydrogen particles at high pressure and temperature.

Certificate of conformity for white spirit Source 3davto.ru

Another designation for the substance is nefras-C4-155/200 or Stoddard’s solvent. Digital marking is deciphered as follows:

• C-4 - denotes the fourth subgroup of the classifier to which it belongs due to the amount of aromatic hydrocarbons.
• 155/200 – boiling temperature range on the Celsius scale.

Interesting! The name “white spirit” comes from the phrase “white-spirit”, which is translated from English as “white/transparent spirit”.

What are the main symptoms of such poisoning?

Having been poisoned with white spirit, a person may experience the following syndromes:

• Dyspeptic;
• Heart;
• Cerebral;
• Nephrotoxic.

In most cases, the presence of cerebral syndromes manifests itself when the process of progressive development of a disorder in the nervous system occurs.

In this case, a person exhibits the following symptoms:

• Presence of dizziness and psychomotor agitation;
• Significant decrease in physical and mental activity;
• The presence of hallucinogenic manifestations, various processes of speech impairment occur;
• Various disturbances in gait and sensory organs appear;
• Presence of pain in the nasopharynx or severe burning sensation;
• Temporary visual impairment may occur, memory and brain function are weakened;
• Various spasms of various muscles of the body;
• When the poisoning is extensive, coma can easily occur.

In the event that for some reason a person drinks this solvent, the following symptoms intensively develop:

• The presence of severe redness in the oral cavity;
• The presence of severe burning sensations and pain manifested in the epigastric region;
• The presence of severe nausea and vomiting;
• The presence of severe pain in the navel area;
• Presence of diarrhea.

In the case when a very significant amount of solvent enters the body, ulcers can develop in the stomach and intestines, resulting in diarrhea and vomiting accompanied by blood impurities. In this case, severe belching of gasoline is observed, severe manifestations of flatulence, severe headaches and convulsions are disturbing.

When this solvent gets on the skin, it is accompanied by severe redness.

When this composition comes into contact with the eyes, the following symptoms may occur:

• The presence of redness of the conjunctiva and severe tearing;
• A person feels as if sand has been poured into his eyes;
• There is excessive secretion of snot;
• The presence of severe burning in the nasopharynx and difficulty breathing;
• A person's voice changes a lot.

If manifestations of cardiac syndrome are observed, then the process of development of tachycardia is actively carried out, blood pressure decreases to a significant extent, and cardialgia may develop.

Properties of white spirit

Like all nephrases, white spirit is a colorless oily liquid, the smell of which is slightly reminiscent of kerosene, but with a less significant tint. On the territory of the Russian Federation, the composition is regulated by GOST 3134-78, although it is most likely impossible to find a liquid whose chemical properties fully comply with this standard. This is due to the fact that most manufacturers produce the solvent according to their Technical Specifications, in which the maximum amount of volatile substances is changed.

An example is the solvent Nefras 155/205 produced by the largest LLC DPKHI-NN. Its quality indicators are lower than those specified in the state standard, but due to the fact that the solvent is produced according to specifications, there are no violations of the law.

Substitute for white spirit Source wp.com

Products obtained from oil refining Source wp.com

Attention! The combustion temperature of white spirit is 33°C.

Without going into chemical properties, we will reveal those that will interest the consumer:

• Effectively dissolves organic compounds and other complex chemical compounds.
• Has excellent degreasing properties.
• Evaporates in a minimum period of time.
• Has a low level of toxicity.
• Does not cause deposits due to chemical compounds.

Degreasing with white spirit Source autozam.ru

Interesting! Imported analogues have a changed chemical structure. They are even less toxic, their odor is not as pronounced due to additional purifications and additives. In terms of their dissolving properties, they are inferior to domestic compounds.

Features of first aid

Persons working with such solvents need to know what to do in case of intoxication with white spirit. The sequence of first aid is as follows:

1. The person must be taken out into the air to prevent solvent vapors from entering the bronchopulmonary tract.
2. If it is impossible to take the patient out of the room, open the windows.
3. If the patient is in a comatose state, then his head needs to be turned to the side so that the masses from the stomach do not enter the lungs.
4. If white spirit gets on the skin and in the mouth area, you need to rinse these areas with plenty of water.
5. In case of poisoning, you must call emergency assistance.
6. If white spirit gets into the stomach, then the person should be given a large amount of water to drink, and then induce vomiting. This can be done if he is conscious.
7. The victim should be given any enterosorbent.

Scope of application

White spirit is in demand in many areas of human activity, from the chemical industry to household use. For example, in the production of paints and varnishes, liquid construction and finishing compositions (primers, antimicrobial substrates, polishing pastes), roofing and waterproofing materials based on bitumen.

Scope of application of white spirit Source gidpokraske.ru

Surfaces and degreasing rules

Solvents contain several substances at once, or only one. In the production of such materials, it is permissible to use gaseous and solid, liquid forms of components. Liquid solvents have become more widespread.

There are a lot of factors that need to be taken into account to make the right choice.

Some of the characteristics are determined by the quality of the components and the manufacturing process. Example:

• The appearance of open fire;
• Chemical additives in a certain quantity;
• Acidity;
• Toxicity, and so on.

Solvents also differ in their range of applications:

• Medicine;
• Conducting laboratory research;
• Shoes;
• Manufacturing of leather goods;
• Chemical industry;
• Machine production;
• Instrumentation.

White spirit in construction and finishing works

White spirit for thinning old paint Source solomonplus.com.ua

White spirit is the best means for degreasing surfaces Source housechief.ru
In this industry, white spirit can serve the following purposes:

• Dilution of paints and varnishes. The method is applicable to new and old (thickened) compositions. In this case, there is no need to add white spirit more than 10-15% of the volume of the main component.
• Giving a given viscosity to bitumen-based compositions (mastics, antibacterial agents intended for wood).
• Degreasing and cleaning of surfaces and parts from traces of corrosion, oil and other contaminants for the purpose of subsequent painting.
• Removing the old paint layer. The applied solvent is left for 5-10 minutes. (depending on the thickness of the layer), after which it is removed mechanically.

Production of bitumen-based materials Source img5.lalafo.com

What could be the consequences?

Among the most common consequences are the following, the most important and basic:

• The process of blood degeneration of an oncological nature;
• The process of development of liver or kidney failure of varying degrees;
• Development of processes of acute inflammation of the pancreas;
• Development of asthma and pneumonia;
• Various inflammations in the kidneys and liver, in the nose;
• Development of tracheitis or hepatic coma;
• Development of heart diseases.

Use at home

In comparison with analogues (solvent, solvent, degreaser), white spirit has low vapor volatility (low degree of evaporation), which makes it possible to use the composition indoors. There are many “folk” ways of using it that you might not know about.

Cleaning plastic windows from old film Source ytimg.com

Removing protective film from plastic windows that has become ingrained over time. and is applied to problem areas and remains until it is completely dissolved. If necessary, the procedure is repeated several times. After this, just wipe the frame with a damp cloth.

Cleaning tiles from silicone sealant Source wp.com

Plumbing sealant that gets on tiles or plastic is removed in the same way as the previously described method. Moisten the area of ​​contact between the silicone and the surface with white spirit after 30 seconds. You can remove sealant that has dissolved to the point of melted oil.

White spirit for cleaning paint stains Source www.sedmoycanal.com

Clothes stained with bitumen or paint are cleaned with a piece of cotton wool soaked in white spirit. The stain is processed from the edge to the center. After a minimum period of time, only a wet spot will remain on the material. After this, rinse the item with water and washing powder. This cleaning principle will not harm even the most delicate fabrics.

White spirit as a means for cleaning leather shoes Source sdelai-lestnicu.ru

Removing bitumen from leather shoes follows a similar scenario. The only difference is that after cleaning is completed, the dried stain is wiped with a washcloth soaked in soapy water.

Healthy! Don't try to remove tough stains in one go. It is better to use several approaches with drying after each of them.

Removing greasy stains from parquet Source pol-exp.com

What is the treatment process?

The treatment of such poisonings is carried out in the intensive care unit. It is advisable that the victims be treated by a toxicologist. During the treatment process, infusions of Hemodez or Trisol can be used, hemosorption or plasmapheresis processes can be used. Through a comprehensive treatment process, a faster recovery can be achieved.

In cases where the victim has various breathing difficulties, a special apparatus for artificial respiration is connected to him, oxygen therapy is carried out, and plasma replacement solutions are injected into the victim’s blood. For severe burns, surgery is used.

Safety precautions

Personal protective equipment Source elektrik-market.ru

Minimum set of PPE when working with white spirit Source dekormyhome.ru
Given the numerous advantages of white spirit, any work with it must be carried out in compliance with safety precautions. This applies not only to the use of personal protective equipment (respirator, goggles, gloves), but also to a number of other conditions:

• When working indoors, create conditions for good ventilation. Otherwise, there is a possibility of drug poisoning.
• Pumping and draining of solvent using liquid gases is prohibited.
• Do not store liquid in open containers within easy reach of children.
• Avoid working near open flames and hot objects. The low ignition temperature of white spirit often causes it to ignite when exposed to the sun for a long time.

Degreasing the surface without using protective agents Source kraskopult.by

The result of careless handling of white spirit Source mchs.ru

Important! Extinguishing burning white spirit with water is strictly prohibited.

What is the process for preventing such diseases?

For prevention purposes it is necessary:

• Handle such compounds very carefully, work only in specialized clothing;
• Strictly adhere to technological processes and requirements;
• Carry out the process of working with these chemicals only in rooms where there is high-quality ventilation;
• Strictly adhere to safety requirements;
• Carry out the process of storing substances in specially designated areas.

Rules for extinguishing white spirit

White spirit is classified as a flammable liquid (flammable liquid) - a composition capable of spontaneous combustion or spontaneous combustion after the source of ignition is removed. This characteristic is the main distinguishing point characterizing the methods of extinguishing it.

Burning petroleum products Source gefest01.ru

How to properly extinguish a burning solvent Source autogear.ru

In addition, the specific gravity of the solvent is lighter than water. This leads to the floating of the solvent on its surface and continued combustion, followed by cracking, which leads to an increase in the area of ​​fire.

Extinguishing with water will further aggravate the situation Source changeua.com

Extinguishing such a fire is accomplished by limiting the access of oxygen. This can be done with pieces of thick fabric, a powder fire extinguisher, sand, and earth. At the same time, care should be taken to ensure that the burning liquid does not spread further. To do this, the perimeter of the fireplace is filled with a gradual shift towards the center.

Important! Sand and soil used to extinguish white spirit become toxic, so it should be moved as far as possible from residential buildings and plantings.

Solvent products and their varieties

There are several groups of solvents that help solve different problems.

For oil-based paints and varnishes

• Petrol.

The composition is as simple as possible and does not create problems upon receipt. Characterized by combination with products of most varieties. Dissolves putties and enamels, alkyd and oil paints. Helps deal with pentaphthalic enamels, but less frequently.

• Turpentine.

Copes not only with oil base, but also with alkyd-styrene compositions. It is used when preparing varnishes based on dammar and rosin, copal.

• White Spirit.

Can dilute almost any type of paint used in practice. The same applies to varnishes and other similar products. Compatible even with PF-115 enamel. Suitable for washing hands after using enamels and paints. Copes with putties, bituminous materials, drying oils and primers. Degreases different types of surfaces.